Question

Explain prokaryotic cells with the help of a neat sketch.

Answer 1

Prokaryotic cell:

1. Prokaryotic cells lack a well-defined nucleus. Instead of a nuclear membrane, they have an undefined nuclear region known as a nucleoid that contains genetic material.
2. Cell organelles such as mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and chloroplast are absent.
3. A single chromosome contains genetic material.
4. A plasma membrane is present. The plasma membrane is the outermost layer of the prokaryotic cell that is responsible for providing strength and support to the cell.
5. They have a cell wall that is present below the plasma membrane and is composed of layers of peptidoglycan (a complex of proteins and oligosaccharides). It protects the cell and maintains its shape.
6. Ribosomes are present in a prokaryotic cell. They are non-membrane-bound cell organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis.