Explain the difference .

(a) Metals and non-metals
(b) Mixture and compounds
(c) Atoms and molecules
(d) Separation by distillation and by separating funnel

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Solution

a.

Physical properties Metals Non-metals

Malleability and ductility They can be beaten into sheets and wires They cannot form sheets or wires

Sonority Metals are sonorous, they produce a ringing sound on beating They are non−sonorous

Conduction They conduct heat and electricity Non-metals do not allow heat and electricity to pass through them

Chemical Properties

Nature of oxides Metallic oxides are basic in nature Oxides of non−metals are acidic

Reaction with water Metals react with water Non−metals do not react with water

Reaction with acids Metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas They generally do not react with acids

b.

Mixture Compound

1. 1It is obtained by the physical combination of any two substances. 1. It is formed when two or more substances chemically combine in a fixed ratio.

2. The composition of the constituents present in a mixture is not fixed. 2. The composition of elements present in a compound is fixed.

3. It displays the properties of all its constituents. 3. It may or may not show the properties of its constituent elements.

4. The constituents of a mixture can be separated using physical methods. 4. The constituent elements of a compound can be separated only by using chemical methods.

5. No change of energy is involved during the formation of a mixture. 5. Change of energy is involved during the formation of a compound.

c.

Atoms

Molecules

(i)
Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.
(i)
Molecules are the smallest parts of an element or compound, which exist independently.

(ii)
They do not break up during chemical reactions.
(ii)
They break up during chemical reactions.

(iii)
They may or may not exist in free state.
(iii)
They exist in free forms.

d.

Separation by distillation

Separation by separating funnel

1. This method is employed for separation of
two miscible liquids. This method is employed for separation of
two immiscible liquids.

2. It is based on the difference in the boiling points of two liquids. It is based on the difference in the densities of the two liquids.

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Physical properties	Metals	Non-metals
Malleability and ductility	They can be beaten into sheets and wires	They cannot form sheets or wires
Sonority	Metals are sonorous, they produce a ringing sound on beating	They are non−sonorous
Conduction	They conduct heat and electricity	Non-metals do not allow heat and electricity to pass through them
Chemical Properties
Nature of oxides	Metallic oxides are basic in nature	Oxides of non−metals are acidic
Reaction with water	Metals react with water	Non−metals do not react with water
Reaction with acids	Metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas	They generally do not react with acids

	Mixture		Compound
1.	1It is obtained by the physical combination of any two substances.	1.	It is formed when two or more substances chemically combine in a fixed ratio.
2.	The composition of the constituents present in a mixture is not fixed.	2.	The composition of elements present in a compound is fixed.
3.	It displays the properties of all its constituents.	3.	It may or may not show the properties of its constituent elements.
4.	The constituents of a mixture can be separated using physical methods.	4.	The constituent elements of a compound can be separated only by using chemical methods.
5.	No change of energy is involved during the formation of a mixture.	5.	Change of energy is involved during the formation of a compound.

	Atoms		Molecules
(i)	Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.	(i)	Molecules are the smallest parts of an element or compound, which exist independently.
(ii)	They do not break up during chemical reactions.	(ii)	They break up during chemical reactions.
(iii)	They may or may not exist in free state.	(iii)	They exist in free forms.

Separation by distillation	Separation by separating funnel
1. This method is employed for separation of two miscible liquids.	This method is employed for separation of two immiscible liquids.
2. It is based on the difference in the boiling points of two liquids.	It is based on the difference in the densities of the two liquids.

Explain the difference . (a) Metals and non-metals (b) Mixture and compounds (c) Atoms and molecules (d) Separation by distillation and by separating funnel

Explain the difference .

(a) Metals and non-metals
(b) Mixture and compounds
(c) Atoms and molecules
(d) Separation by distillation and by separating funnel