Question

Explain the nature of the covalent bond using the bond formation in $C{H}_{3}Cl$

Answer 1

Atomic number of C, H & Cl are 6, 1 & 17 respectively.
Their electronic configurations are
Carbon - 2, 4
Hydrogen - 1
Chlorine - 2, 8, 7
As C need 4 electrons to complete its octet, H needs 1 electron to complete its duplet and Cl needs 1 electron to complete its octet.
So, C share its 4 electron, one electron each with 3 H atom & 1 electron with Cl atom. Thus chloromethane contain 3 C-H - and one C-Cl covalent bond.