Question

Explain the principle of evaporation process.

Answer 1

Defining evaporation

1. Evaporation is the process of extracting a non-volatile soluble solid from its solution by allowing the liquid component to evaporate.
2. In this method, a non-volatile soluble solid can be separated from its liquid component.

Principle of the evaporation process

1. This separation technique is generally used when the solid particles are soluble in the solvent and forms a homogeneous mixture.
2. The solution of non-volatile soluble solids in a liquid is heated gently on a sand bath or on a water bath in an evaporating dish.
3. The solution escapes as vapor, leaving behind the solid salt in the dish as residue.
4. Slow evaporation takes place at all temperatures even at room temperature. However, an increase in temperature i.e., heating causes evaporation to occur rapidly.