Question

Explain the process which takes place when a hormone binds the receptors.

Answer 1

When a hormone binds to the receptors, it causes the cascade of reactions. The lipid-soluble hormones diffuse through the plasma membrane and then bind to a receptor protein. The water-soluble hormones bind to a receptor protein on the plasma membrane. Due to binding of hormones to the receptors, the G protein present on the plasma membrane gets activated. This then activates adenylyl cyclase. This enzyme converts ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP). A cAMP is the secondary messenger. It further activates protein kinase enzyme. This enzyme then activates phosphorylation of the protein in the cytoplasm and the cell activity is altered.