Explain the reason of different length of equatorial and axial bond in the structure of $P C l_{5}$ .

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Solution

Two axial $P - C l$ bonds are longer than three equatorial $P - C l$ bonds as the axial bond pairs suffer more repulsion as compared to equatorial bond pairs. The bond angle between two equatorial $P - C l$ bonds ( $120^{0}$ ) is greater than the bond angle between one axial and one equatorial $P - C l$ bond ( $90^{0}$ ).

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