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Boiling Water and Filtering

Explain, why ...

Question

Explain, why an organic liquid vaporises at a temperature below its boiling point in its steam distillation?

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Solution

In steam distillation, the organic liquid starts to boil when the sum of vapour pressure due to the organic liquid $(P_{1})$ and the vapour pressure due to water $P_{2}$ becomes equal to atmospheric pressure (P), that is, $P = P_{1} + P_{2}$
Since $P_{1} < P_{2}$ , organic liquid will vapourise at a lower temperature than its boiling point.

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Boiling Water and Filtering

Standard VIII Chemistry

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