The correct option is C as soon as it stops raining
An adverb clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb,
and it functions as an adverb, by modifying an adjective, verb or an
adverb. Adverb clauses generally begin with a subordinate conjunction
(since, because, while, etc.)
Option C is correct because it is an adverb clause of time, "as soon as" is a pair of conjunctions that refers to time, "it" is the subject and "stops" is the verb.
Option A is incorrect because it is a phrase.
Option B is incorrect because it is a coordinate clause and has no conjunction that can join the given sentence with the option.
Option D is incorrect because it is only a word.