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Potassium Dichromate

For testing s...

Question

For testing sodium carbonate solution for the presence of sulphate ions as impurities, one should add:

A

excess hydrochloric acid and silver nitrate solution

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B

excess sulphuric acid and silver nitrate solution

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C

excess nitric acid and silver nitrate solution

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D

excess hydrochloric acid and barium chloride solution

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Solution

The correct option is D excess hydrochloric acid and barium chloride solution
For testing sodium carbonate solution for the presence of sulphate ions as impurities, one should add excess hydrochloric acid and barium chloride solution.
Excess hydrochloric acid will neutralize sodium carbonate solution.
$N a_{2} C O_{3} + 2 H C l \to 2 N a C l + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$
Sulphate ions will react with barium chloride solution to form white precipitate of barium sulphate.
$B a C l_{2} + S O_{4}^{2 -} \to B a S O_{4} ↓ + 2 C l^{-}$

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Q. Given below are word equations. Convert them into chemical equations using symbols and valencies. Balance the equations. Use appropriate signs for gases and precipitates in the reaction.
i) Zinc Sulphide

+

\to

Zinc oxide solid

+

Sulphur dioxide gas
ii) Silver nitrate solution

+

Sodium chloride solution

\to

Silver chloride precipitate

+

Sodium nitrate solution
iii) Sulphur solid

+

Concentrated nitric acid

\to

+

Nitrogen dioxide gas

+

Water
iv) Barium chloride Solution

+

Potassium sulphate Solution

\to

Barium sulphate Precipitate

+

Potassium chloride solution
v) Silver nitrate on heating

\to

+

nitrogen dioxide gas

+

Oxygen gas.
vi) Aluminium hydroxide

+

\to

Aluminium nitrate

+

Q. Write balanced chemical equations for each of the following reactions
1. Carbon dioxide Marble dissolves in hydrochloric acid to give calcium chloride water and carbon dioxide
2. Silver nitrate reacts with copper to produce copper nitrate and silver metal
3. Carbon dioxide gas is passed over lime water to form a precipitate of calcium carbonate
4. Aluminium Sulphate acts with Sodium Hydroxide to form precipitate of aluminium hydroxide and the solution of sodium sulphate
5. Barium Chloride solution reacts with sulphuric acid to form precipitate of Barium sulphate and solution of hydrochloric acid.

Explain, why silver nitrate crystals are dissolved in distilled water and not in tap water to prepare silver nitrate solution as a laboratory reagent.
Give one chemical test to distinguish between dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulphuric acid.

Write the balanced chemical equations of the following reactions.

(a) Sodium hydroxide + sulphuric acid $\to$ sodium sulphate + water

(b) Potassium bicarbonate + sulphuric acid $\to$ potassium sulphate + carbon dioxide + water

(c) Iron + sulphuric acid $\to$ ferrous sulphate + hydrogen.

(d) Chlorine + sulphur dioxide + water $\to$ sulphuric acid + hydrogen chloride

(e) Silver nitrate $\to$ silver + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen

(f) Copper + nitric acid $\to$ copper nitrate + nitric oxide + water

(g) Ammonia + oxygen $\to$ nitric oxide + water

(h) Barium chloride + sulphuric acid $\to$ barium sulphate + hydrochloric acid

(i) Zinc sulphide + oxygen $\to$ zinc oxide + sulphur dioxide

(j) Aluminium carbide + water $\to$ aluminium hydroxide + methane

(k) Iron pyrites ( $F e S_{2}$ ) + oxygen $\to$ ferric oxide + sulphur dioxide

(l) Potassium permanganate + hydrochloric acid $\to$ potassium chloride + manganese chloride + chlorine + water

(m) Aluminium sulphate + sodium hydroxide $\to$ sodium sulphate + sodium meta aluminate + water.

(n) Aluminium + sodium hydroxide + water $\to$ sodium meta aluminate + hydrogen

(o) Potassium dichromate + sulphuric acid $\to$ potassium chloride + chromium chloride + water + chlorine.

(p) Sulphur + nitric acid $\to$ sulphuric acid + nitrogen dioxide + water.

(q) Sodium chloride + manganese dioxide + sulphuric acid $\to$ sodium hydrogen sulphate + manganese sulphate + water + chlorine.

Q. State your observations when:
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate solution and the mixture is heated.
(ii) Barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium sulphate solution.
(iii) Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar crystals.
(iv) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to copper carbonate.
(v) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate.

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