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Question

From the list of the substances given, name the substances which you would use to prepare each of the following salts:
List of substances: copper, lead, sodium, zinc, copper oxide, lead carbonate, sodium carbonate solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid and dilute sulphuric acid.
Salts: (a) zinc sulphate (b) copper sulphate (c) sodium sulphate (d) lead sulphate.

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Solution

(a) Zinc sulphate is prepared by displacement reaction between zinc and dilute sulphuric acid.

Zn + dil. H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2

(b) Copper sulphate is prepared by the neutralisation reaction of copper oxide with dilute sulphuric acid.

CuO + dil. H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O

(c) Sodium sulphate is prepared by the neutralisation of soluble base i.e. sodium carbonate with dilute sulphuric acid.

Na2CO3 +dil.H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O +CO2

(d) Lead sulphate: Preparation of lead sulphate from lead carbonate involves the following steps:

Step 1: Insoluble lead carbonate first reacts with dilute nitric acid to form soluble lead nitrate.

PbCO3 + 2HNO3 Pb(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2

Step 2: Dilute sulphuric acid is added to lead nitrate to form lead sulphate and nitric acid.

Pb(NO3)2 + dil. H2SO4 PbSO4 + 2HNO3

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