Question

Give an example of a substitution reaction.

Answer 1

Substitution reaction:-

1. A substitution reaction can also be called a single displacement reaction.
2. It is a type of reaction where an atom or group of atoms in a molecule is replaced or substituted by different atoms or groups of atoms.
3. Halogenation reaction is one type of substitution reaction.
4. For example, when ethanol $({\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{OH})$is reacted with hydrogen iodide, the Iodine replaces the hydroxyl group and forms iodoethane.
5. The reaction is:

$\underset{\mathrm{Ethanol}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{OH}}+\underset{\mathrm{Hydrogen}\mathrm{iodide}}{\mathrm{HI}}\to \underset{\mathrm{Iodoethane}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{I}}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}$

Therefore, the example of a substitution reaction is the reaction of ethanol with hydrogen iodide:

$\underset{\mathrm{Ethanol}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{OH}}+\underset{\mathrm{Hydrogen}\mathrm{iodide}}{\mathrm{HI}}\to \underset{\mathrm{Iodoethane}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{I}}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}$