Question

Give one example each of the following:

Normal salt

Answer 1

1. Salts

Salts are the ionic compounds that contain ions other than Hydrogen ions $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ and Hydroxide ions $\left({\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\right)$. A salt is formed along with water $\left({\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\right)$during the neutralization of an acid and base. The ions present in the salt and their ionic bonds determine the nature of the salt.

2. Normal salts

Salts that are formed by the complete replacement of Hydrogen ions of an acid with ammonium or metallic ions are called normal salts. These salts do not have hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions.

For example, Sodium chloride $\left(\mathrm{NaCl}\right)$ salt formed from Hydrochloric acid $\left(\mathrm{HCl}\right)$ and Sodium hydroxide $\left(\mathrm{NaOH}\right)$ base does not contain any Hydrogen ions $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ or Hydroxide ions $\left({\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\right)$. Hydrochloric acid contains Hydrogen ions which are replaced by Sodium ions.

The neutralization reaction is given by:

$$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+\mathrm{NaOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to \mathrm{NaCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right) \\ (\mathrm{Hydrochloric}(\mathrm{Sodium}(\mathrm{Sodium}(\mathrm{Water}) \\ \mathrm{acid})\mathrm{hydroxide})\mathrm{chloride}) \end{gathered}$$

Other examples include Potassium chloride $\left(\mathrm{KCl}\right)$, Sodium sulphate $\left({\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)$ , etc.