Give three distinct tests [apart from using an indicator] you would carry out with solution of HC1 to illustrate the typical properties of an acid.

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Solution

(a) Hydrochloric acid reacts with active metals to liberate a colourless and odourless gas which burns with a popping sound liberating hydrogen gas.
$M g + 2 H C l (d i l .) \to M g C l_{2} + H_{2}$

(b) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with metallic carbonate and bicarbonate to liberate a colourless and odourless gas with brisk effervescence which turns lime water milky i.e. $C O_{2}$ .
$N a_{2} C O_{3} + 2 H C l (d i l .) \to 2 N a C l + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$
Confirmatory test :
$C a (O H)_{2} + C O_{2} \to C a C O_{3} + H_{2} O$

(c) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with metallic sulphite and bisulphate to liberate a colourless gas having smell of burning Sulphur which turns acidified potassium dichromate paper from orange to green and potassium permanganate solution from purple to colourless.
$N a_{2} S O_{3} + 2 H C l (d i l .) \to 2 N a C l + H_{2} O + S O_{2}$

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