Give three distinct tests of HCI(apart from using an indicator) to illustrate the typical properties of an acid. [3 MARKS]

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Solution

Each Test: 1 Mark

1) HCI gives hydrogen gas with active metals like Zn, Fe, Mg etc.
$M e t a l + H C l \to M e t a l c h l o r i d e + H_{2} Z n + 2 H C l \to Z n C l_{2} + H_{2} M g + 2 H C l \to M g C l_{2} + H_{2}$

2) With carbonates, HCI gives $C O_{2}$ gas with brisk effervescence.
$M e t a l c a r b o n a t e + H C l \to M e t a l c h l o r i d e + H_{2} O + C O_{2} N a_{2} C O_{3} + 2 H C I \to 2 N a C I + H_{2} O + C O_{2} C a C O_{3} + 2 H C I \to C a C l_{2} + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$

3) With metal sulphides like FeS, ZnS etc, HCI gives $H_{2} S$ gas with rotten egg smell.
$M e t a l s u l p h i d e + H C I \to M e t a l c h l o r i d e + H_{2} S F e S + 2 H C l \to F e C l_{2} + H_{2} S$

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