Given below are the diagrammatic sketches of some endocrine glands. Observe the diagrams and answer the following questions: [5 MARKS]

(a) Label the parts numbered 1 to 5.
(b) Name the hormones secreted by 2 and 5.
(c) Which chemicals in our body are greatly affected by hormones?
(d) What is the chemical nature of hormones?
(e) Name the elements related to the functioning of hormones secreted by the structures 2 and 5.

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Solution

Each Part: 1 Mark

(a) 1. Larynx
2. Right lobe of thyroid gland
3. Trachea (windpipe)
4. Oesophagus
5. Parathyroid gland

(b) Structure 2, i.e. thyroid gland secretes thyroxine hormone and structure 5 i.e. parathyroid gland secretes parathormone.

(c) Enzymes which constitute enzyme system of the body.

(d) Hormones are proteins, amino acids or steroids in nature.

(e) Iodine is related to the functioning of gland 2, i.e. thyroid gland.
Calcium and phosphorus are related to the functioning of gland 5, i.e. parathyroid gland.

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Name the various endocrine glands and the hormones secreted by them. How does the endocrine system affect our behaviour?

Question 05
Prepare a table having two columns depicting names of endocrine glands and hormones secreted by them.

(a) Name the hormones secreted by the following endocrine glands :

(i) Thyroid gland (ii) Parathyroid (iii) Pancreas (iv) Adrenal glands

(b) Write the functions of testosterone and oestrogen hormones.

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