How are electromagnetic waves produced? What is the source of energy of these waves? Write mathematical expressions for electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic wave propagating along the z-axis. Write any two important properties of electromagnetic waves.

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Solution

Electromagnetic waves are produced by accelerated or oscillating charges and do not need any medium for propagation. The source of energy of these waves are energy of oscillating charge particle. Mathematical expressions for electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic wave propagating along the z-axis are-

$E_{x} = E_{0} s i n [k z - ω t]$
$B_{y} = B_{0} s i n [k z - ω t]$

Properties of electromagnetic waves are-

1. The direction of E, B and direction of propagation of waves are mutually perpendicular to one another.

2. The amplitude ratio of E and B gives velocity of light.

3. Electromagnetic waves are not deflected by electric and magnetic fields.

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