Question

How do genes and chromosomes share similarity from the point of view of genetic studies?

Answer 1

Definition of genes and chromosomes

Genes are the basic unit of heredity that occupies a specific locus on a chromosome. Chromosomes are organised packages of DNA found in the nucleus of the cell which carry genetic information.

Heritable

Genes and chromosomes are inherited or transmitted from one generation to the next generation.

Diploid form

Genes are present in alternative forms of alleles in a diploid cell. A pair of a particular chromosome is present in a diploid cell which are referred to as homologous chromosomes. One is of maternal origin while the other one is of paternal origin.

Haploid form

Genes are present in single allelic form in a haploid cell or gamete.
Chromosomes are present in a single set in a haploid cell or gamete.

Mutable

Genes can be mutated by substitutions, deletions and insertions of nitrogenous bases. Chromosomes are also mutated by deletion or duplication.

Independent assortment

Genes which are not linked together, assort independently during gamete formation. Chromosomes from each pair assort independently during gamete formation.