Question

how does presence of el nino lead to an increase in sea surface temperatures and weakening of the trade winds in the region?​

Answer 1

Dear Student,

a. EL Nino is the event where the waters of the tropical central and Eastern pacific become warmer than normal. This has the effect of increasing rainfall in this general area, but over the Western Pacific air pressures tend to increase and suppress rainfall thus it is typically drier than average in that region.
c. El Nino weakens the trade winds, may even lead to reverse wind direction that allows the warmer water from the western Pacific to flow toward the east.
d. El nino is abnormal warming of the surface water of pacific ocean. The warming of surface water effect formation of winds. e. It results in wet winters over southeastern US and drought in Indonesia and Australia.
f. The presence of the El Nino leads weakening of the trade winds in the region because of the change in the pressure conditions over the Tropical pacific.
g. It also impacts the sea surface temperature and it rises, this is because tropical Pacific ocean receives huge sunlight which is stored in the form of heat and that warm water in the region of Indonesia do not expand westwards again because of change is pressure gradient.
h. Both the phenomenon are linked, change in pressure conditions impacts the trade winds which in turn effect the sea surface temperature.


Regards