How is ethanol prepared by the fermentation process?

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Solution

Fermentation is a biological mechanism that uses no oxygen to obtain energy from carbohydrates.
Ethanol ( $C_{2} H_{5} O H$ ) fermentation is a process in which pyruvate (a byproduct of glucose metabolism) is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast and bacteria.
Ethanol ( $C_{2} H_{5} O H$ ) is produced by the enzymes invertase and zymase fermenting sugar.
$\underset{S u c r o s e}{C_{12} H_{22} O_{11} (a q)} + \underset{W a t e r}{H_{2} O (l)} \to_{F e r m e n t a t i o n}^{I n v e r t a s e} \underset{G l u \cos e}{C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} (a q)} + \underset{F r u c t o s e}{C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} (a q)}$
For the production of ethanol from glucose, the net chemical equation is:
$\underset{F r u c t o s e}{C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} (a q)} \overset{z y m a s e (y e a s t)}{\to} \underset{E t h a n o l}{2 C_{2} H_{5} O H (a q)} + \underset{C a r b o n d i o x i d e}{2 C O_{2} (g)}$

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