How is wrought iron prepared from cast iron?

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Solution

Wrought iron is prepared from cast iron by oxidizing impurities in a reverberatory furnace lined with haematite. This haematite oxidizes carbon to carbon monoxide.
$F e_{2} O_{3} + 3 C ⟶ 2 F e + 3 C O Wrought Iron$
Limestone is added as flux and sulphur, silicon and phosphorous are oxidized and removed. Hence pure iron called wrought iron is produced.

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Pig Iron	...........i................
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Steel	............iv...........

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