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Question
How many of the given statements are correct regarding the applications of transgenic animals?
1. To study how the genes are regulated and how they affect the normal functioning of the body.
2. To study diseases like cystic fibrosis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease etc.
3. To produce biological products.
4. To test the safety of vaccines and chemicals.
How many of the given statements are correct regarding the applications of transgenic animals?
1. To study how the genes are regulated and how they affect the normal functioning of the body.
2. To study diseases like cystic fibrosis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease etc.
3. To produce biological products.
4. To test the safety of vaccines and chemicals.
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Solution
The correct option is C Four
Organisms whose genome has been manipulated for various purposes are called transgenic organisms. Uses of transgenic animals are as follows:
1) To study normal physiology and development: Transgenic animals are designed to study how genes are regulated, and the ways in which they affect the body functions and development.
2) To study diseases: Many transgenic animals are designed to study the effect of genes on the development of the disease. Currently, several transgenic models have been designed for human diseases such as cystic fibrosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease.
3) To extract suitable biological products: A variety of useful biological products can be harvested from transgenic animals by the introduction of the desired genes encoding for a particular product. For example, human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) has been produced in transgenic animals to treat emphysema.
4) To determine the safety of vaccines: The safety and efficacy of vaccines are tested before their administration into the human masses. This is done by administering them into certain genetically modified animals. One such example is the use of transgenic mice for testing the safety and efficacy of the polio vaccine.
5) To test the safety of chemicals: Transgenic animals are developed such that they carry genes which makes them more sensitive to toxic substances than non-transgenic ones. Exposure to the toxic substances followed by evaluation of the effect helps to determine the toxicity.
Organisms whose genome has been manipulated for various purposes are called transgenic organisms. Uses of transgenic animals are as follows:
1) To study normal physiology and development: Transgenic animals are designed to study how genes are regulated, and the ways in which they affect the body functions and development.
2) To study diseases: Many transgenic animals are designed to study the effect of genes on the development of the disease. Currently, several transgenic models have been designed for human diseases such as cystic fibrosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease.
3) To extract suitable biological products: A variety of useful biological products can be harvested from transgenic animals by the introduction of the desired genes encoding for a particular product. For example, human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) has been produced in transgenic animals to treat emphysema.
4) To determine the safety of vaccines: The safety and efficacy of vaccines are tested before their administration into the human masses. This is done by administering them into certain genetically modified animals. One such example is the use of transgenic mice for testing the safety and efficacy of the polio vaccine.
5) To test the safety of chemicals: Transgenic animals are developed such that they carry genes which makes them more sensitive to toxic substances than non-transgenic ones. Exposure to the toxic substances followed by evaluation of the effect helps to determine the toxicity.
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