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Question

I. CO
II. PCl5
III. BF3
IV. BCl3
V. SiH4
VI. SiF4
VII. CCl4
VIII. BeCl2
IX. N(SiH3)3
X. H2O
The number of molecules showing back bonding among the given molecules

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Solution

Some electron deficient compounds, tend to attain octet by back bonding. Back bonding acceptor must have a vacant orbital and back bonding donor must have atleast one lone pair of electrons.

I. CO
It has a complete octet, there is no back bonding.

II. PCl5
It has an expanded octet and hence, there is no back bonding.

III. BF3
B empty 2p orbital and electron deficient.
F 3 lone pairs.
shows back bonding.

IV. BCl3
B empty 2p orbital.
Cl 3 lone pairs.
shows back bonding.

V. SiH4
Si has a complete octet and H has no lone pair. There is no back bonding

VI. SiF4
It has a complete octet. However, since Si has vacant d-orbital & flourine has lone pair, hence it undergoes back bonding.

VII. CCl4
C no empty orbital.
Cl 3 lone pairs.
No back bonding.

VIII. BeCl2

Though electron deficient, it does not undergo back bonding. It undergoes polymerization.

IX. N(SiH3)3

It has a complete octet. However, since Si has vacant d-orbital & N has lone pair, hence it undergoes back bonding.


X. H2O
O No empty orbital.
H No lone pairs.
No back bonding.

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