I How will you distinguish between dilute H 2 SO 4 and conc H 2 SO 4 -ii How will you distinguish between conc- HCl and conc- H 2 SO 4 -iii Give main differences between drying agent and dehydrating agent-

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Introduction to Sulphuric Acid

i How will yo...

Question

(i) How will you distinguish between dilute H₂SO₄ and conc H₂SO₄?
(ii) How will you distinguish between conc. HCl and conc. H₂SO₄?
(iii) Give main differences between drying agent and dehydrating agent.

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Solution

(i) Test to distinguish between dilute and concentrated sulphuric acid:
Reaction with Copper:
Copper on heating with concentrated H₂SO₄liberate sulphur dioxide gas gas with the formation of copper sulphate and water while addition of copper to dilute H₂SO₄ show no reaction.

Cu + 2H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄+ 2H₂O + SO₂
concentrated
sulphuric acid

Cu + dilute H₂SO₄ → No reaction

(ii) Test to distinguish between concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid:
Reaction with silver nitrate solution:
Silver nitrate solution form white precipitate of silver chloride on reaction with concentrated HCl while it shows no reaction with concentrated H₂SO₄.

AgNO₃ + conc.HCl → AgCl ↓ + HNO₃
Silver Nitrate White ppt.

AgNO₃ + conc. H₂SO₄ → No reaction

(iii) Distinction between drying agent and dehydrating agent:

Drying agent Dehydrating agent

It removes the peripheral water present in substances. It removes water molecules from the chemical composition of a substance.

It causes physical changes in substances. It causes a chemical change in substances.

It does not alter the chemical composition of the substance. It changes the chemical composition of the substance.

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Similar questions

Explain clearly how conc. $H_{2} S O_{4}$ is used as dehydrating as well as drying agent.

Distinguish between drying and dehydrating agent.

Q. Assertion :Conc.

H_{2} S O_{4}

as a drying agent. Reason: HCl prepared from NaCl is dried by passing through conc.sulphuric acid.

In the laboratory preparation of $H C l$ gas, the drying agent used conventionally (conc. $H_{2} S O_{4}$ ) can be replaced by quicklime & phosphorous pentoxide.

The drying agent used conventionally (conc $H_{2} S O_{4}$ ) can be replaced by quicklime & phosphorous pentoxide.

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Drying agent	Dehydrating agent
It removes the peripheral water present in substances.	It removes water molecules from the chemical composition of a substance.
It causes physical changes in substances.	It causes a chemical change in substances.
It does not alter the chemical composition of the substance.	It changes the chemical composition of the substance.

(i) How will you distinguish between dilute H2SO4 and conc H2SO4? (ii) How will you distinguish between conc. HCl and conc. H2SO4? (iii) Give main differences between drying agent and dehydrating agent.

(i) How will you distinguish between dilute H₂SO₄ and conc H₂SO₄?
(ii) How will you distinguish between conc. HCl and conc. H₂SO₄?
(iii) Give main differences between drying agent and dehydrating agent.