Identify (a) and (b) in the following question:
Sperm + (a) → Zygote
Zygote → (b) → Foetus
The sequence is as follows:
Sperm + Ovum → Zygote
Zygote → Embryo → Foetus
During fertilisation, the nucleus of the sperm and ovum fuse to form a single nucleus. Fusion of sperm and ovum results in the formation of a fertilised egg or zygote. The zygote divides repeatedly to give rise to a ball of cells. The cells then begin to form groups that develop into different tissues and organs in the body. This developing structure is termed as an embryo. The embryo gets embedded in the wall of the uterus for further development. The embryo gradually develops body parts such as hands, legs, head, eyes, ears etc. When the embryo develops fully and all other parts become distinct, it is called a foetus.