Identify the following reactions as either oxidation or reduction:
(i) O + 2e^-⇢ O^2-

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Solution

Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of an atom
Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state of an atom
In this given reaction, $O + 2 e^{-} \to O^{2 -}$
There is the gain of electrons.
Here oxygen (O) gains two electrons and forms an anion of -2 charge.
Thus, the reaction is a reduction reaction.

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