Question

Identify the methods by which the individual components of mixture containing water, potassium nitrate, Sodium chloride, alcohol and carbon tetrachloride can be separated.

• A. Separating funnel, fractional distillation, fractional crystallization, distillation
• B. fractional distillation, distillation, fractional crystallization
• C. separating funnel, fractional distillation, filtration, distillation
• D. separating funnel, fractional distillation, sedimentation and decantation

Answer 1

The correct option is B

fractional distillation, distillation, fractional crystallization

Explanation for the correct option:

• Both potassium nitrate $\left({\mathrm{KNO}}_3\right)$ and sodium chloride $\left(\mathrm{NaCl}\right)$ are soluble in water and form a homogenous solution that is soluble in alcohol and forms a mixture.
• This mixture is insoluble in ${\mathrm{CCl}}_4$. Hence, ${\mathrm{CCl}}_4$ is separated by fractional distillation of separating a mixture into its components or fractions.
• As $\left({\mathrm{KNO}}_3\right)$ is more soluble than $\left(\mathrm{NaCl}\right)$ in ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ (water). Therefore, it is separated by distillation in which a liquid is converted to vapors and condensed back to liquid form.
• ${\mathrm{KNO}}_3$ from the water will be separated by fractional cryatallization of mixture which evaporates the solvent leaving behind the ${\mathrm{KNO}}_3$ crystals.

Hence, the individual components of the mixture containing water, potassium nitrate, Sodium chloride, alcohol and carbon tetrachloride can be separated by fractional distillation, distillation, fractional crystallization.