If the discharged battery is charged by an external $E M F$ source is the terminal voltage of the battery during the charging is greater or less than $12 V$ ?

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Solution

The terminal voltage of a battery depends on electromotive force and internal resistance as shown by the following equation

$V = ε - I r$

Battery terminal voltage while charging in addition to that of the emf and due to the current voltage rises into internal resistance and hence has higher e.m.f.

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If the discharged battery is charged by an external EMF source is the terminal voltage of the battery during the charging is greater or less than 12V ?

The terminal voltage of a battery depends on electromotive force and internal resistance as shown by the following equation V=ε−Ir Battery terminal voltage while charging in addition to that of the emf and due to the current voltage rises into internal resistance and hence has higher e.m.f.

If the discharged battery is charged by an external $E M F$ source is the terminal voltage of the battery during the charging is greater or less than $12 V$ ?