Even though I am not entirely sure about the practical application of the idea, I truly appreciate your train of thought here. And I believe that the theory(that the force between oppositely charged particles and subsequent electric field can create acceleration) is right.
You may also be interested in knowing that a similar method is actually used in the functioning of electric rockets also known as ion engines or ion propulsion systems.
Rather than using chemical reactions to create heat and accelerate a propellant, electric rockets use electromagnetic or electrostatic fields acting on charged ions of propellant, speeding them up and shooting them out, away from the vehicle, producing thrust. The electrical energy to generate these fields comes from the sun, from batteries, or both.