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Question

In Casuarina, the pollen tube enters the ovule via the chalazal end instead of the micropylar end. The embryo development in Casuarina occurs at the


A
chalazal end
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B
micropylar end
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C
centre of the embryo sac
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D
lateral portion of the embryo sac
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Solution

The correct option is B micropylar end

The micropyle is a small opening in the ovule for pollen tube penetration. The region of the ovule near the micropyle is called the micropylar end.

The region opposite to the micropylar end- the basal part of the ovule is called the chalazal end.

A typical angiospermic mature embryo sac or the female gametophyte has 4 types of cells- antipodal cells (formed towards the chalazal end), the central cell with the 2 polar nuclei located at the centre, egg cell (which fuses with the male gamete to form the embryo) and synergids (present beside the egg cell and have filiform apparatus which guide the pollen tube into the embryo sac). The egg cell and synergids lie at the micropylar end. So, fertilization and embryo development will occur at the micropylar end.

Pollen tube eventually reaches the micropyle of an ovule.

At the chalazal end, there are antipodal cells that do not take part in fertilisation.

In the centre, the central cell is present which contains 2 polar nuclei which fuse with the male gamete to form the primary endosperm


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