In the following flow chart, replace the symbols a, b, c and d with appropriate terms. Briefly explain the process and give any two application of it,
In the following flow chart, replace the symbols a, b, c and d with appropriate terms. Briefly explain the process and give any two application of it,
The metabolic pathway given in the figure fermentation. The products marked as a, b, c and represent
a) Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
b) Phosphoenol pyruvic acid
d) Ethanol
d) Lactic acid
The fermentation is of Iwo types
(i) Alcohol Fermentation in Yeast Fermentation is an incomplete oxidation of glucose under anaerobic condition. Alcohol fermentation in yeast occurs in 2 sets of reaction thus, converting pyruvic acid into ethanol and CO2,.
A. In the first step, pyruvic acid is decarboxylated (equation I), resulting in the formation of acetaldehyde and CO2.
2CH3CODOOHpyruvic acidPyruvic decarboxylase−−−−−−−−−−−−−→2CH3CHOAcetaldehyde (i)
B. In the second step acetaldehyde is reduced to alcohol by NADH2 (equation (ii))
2CH3CHOAcetaldehydeAlcohol−−−−−−−−−−→NADH2↷NAD2CH3CHOEthyl alcohol+CO2 (ii)
(ii) Lactic Acid Fermentation in Muscles In animal tissue like muscles, during exercise, when oxygen is inadequate for cellular respiration pyruvic acid is reduced to lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase. The reducing agent is NADH+H+ which is re-oxidised lo NAD+ in the subsequent processes.
Two applications of the fermentation process are
(i) It helps in the manufacture of ethyl alcohol.
(ii) It also helps in curdling of milk to make curd aided by bacteria Lactobacillus.
The metabolic pathway given in the figure fermentation. The products marked as a, b, c and represent
a) Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
b) Phosphoenol pyruvic acid
d) Ethanol
d) Lactic acid
The fermentation is of Iwo types
(i) Alcohol Fermentation in Yeast Fermentation is an incomplete oxidation of glucose under anaerobic condition. Alcohol fermentation in yeast occurs in 2 sets of reaction thus, converting pyruvic acid into ethanol and CO2,.
A. In the first step, pyruvic acid is decarboxylated (equation I), resulting in the formation of acetaldehyde and CO2.
2CH3CODOOHpyruvic acidPyruvic decarboxylase−−−−−−−−−−−−−→2CH3CHOAcetaldehyde (i)
B. In the second step acetaldehyde is reduced to alcohol by NADH2 (equation (ii))
2CH3CHOAcetaldehydeAlcohol−−−−−−−−−−→NADH2↷NAD2CH3CHOEthyl alcohol+CO2 (ii)
(ii) Lactic Acid Fermentation in Muscles In animal tissue like muscles, during exercise, when oxygen is inadequate for cellular respiration pyruvic acid is reduced to lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase. The reducing agent is NADH+H+ which is re-oxidised lo NAD+ in the subsequent processes.
Two applications of the fermentation process are
(i) It helps in the manufacture of ethyl alcohol.
(ii) It also helps in curdling of milk to make curd aided by bacteria Lactobacillus.
