In the given diagram, a person is pushing a box on a rough surface. Identify the pair of forces acting on the box in opposite directions to each other.

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Solution

Force applied by the person will act towards the left. Frictional force will oppose this force and it will act towards the right.
Force of gravity on the box acts in downwards direction. Normal force will act upwards (perpendicular to the surface on which the box is kept).
Thus, the two pairs of forces acting on the box in opposite directions to each other are:
1. Applied force and frictional force (horizontal direction).
2. Gravitational force and normal force (vertical direction).

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