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Enthalpy of Neutralisation

In which of t...

Question

In which of the following reactions is the enthalpy of neutralization least negative?

A

H F a n d N a O H

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B

H_{3} P O_{4} a n d K O H

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C

H_{2} S O_{4} a n d N H_{4} O H

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D

H C N a n d N H_{4} O H

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Solution

The correct option is D $H C N a n d N H_{4} O H$
Enthalpy of neutralization is the change that occurs when one mole equivalent of an acid and base reacts to form salt and water.
It is also defined as the energy released with the formation of 1 mol of water.
For a reaction between strong acid and base, they are completely dissociated and water is formed.
For a reaction between weak acid and base, the heat of neutralization is pH dependent and energy released by neutralization of $H^{+}$ and $O H^{-}$ is used to dissociate weak acids
Hence energy released will be the least.
In option (d) reaction is between weak acid and weak base so energy released is the least.

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H_{2} {S O}_{4}

H_{3} {P O}_{4}

are neutralized separately by the same amount of an alkali when sulphate and dihydrogen phosphates are formed respectively.Find the ratio of the masses of

H_{2} {S O}_{4}

H_{3} {P O}_{4}

H_{2} {S O}_{4}

H_{3} {P O}_{4}

are neutralized separately by the same amount of an alkali when sulphate and dihydrogen orthophosphate are formed, respectively. Find the ratio of the masses of

H_{2} {S O}_{4}

H_{3} {P O}_{4}

Q. Three reactions involving

H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}

are given below:
(i)

H_{3} {P O}_{4} + H_{2} O \to H_{3} O^{+} + H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}

H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-} + H_{2} O \to H {P O}_{4}^{2 -} + H_{3} O^{+}

H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-} + {O H}^{-} \to H_{3} {P O}_{4} + O^{2 -}

Q. (a) Mention conjugate base of each of the following:

H S^{-}, H_{3} O^{+}, H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}, H {S O}_{4}^{-}, H F, {C H}_{3} C O O H, C_{6} H_{5} O H, H C l O_{4}, {N H}_{4}^{+}

(b) Mention the conjugate acid of each of the following:

{O H}^{-}, {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}, {C l}^{-}, {C O}_{3}^{2 -}, H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}, {C H}_{3} {N H}_{2}, {C H}_{3} C O O H, {N H}_{2}^{-}

(c) Which of the following behave both as Bronsted acids as well as Bronsted bases?

H_{2} O, H {C O}_{3}^{-}, H_{2} {S O}_{4}, H_{3} {P O}_{4}, H S^{-}, {N H}_{3}

(d) Which is stronger acid in each of the following pairs?

H C l, H I; H_{2} {C O}_{3}, H_{2} {S O}_{4}; H_{2} O, H_{2} S; C_{2} H_{5} O H, C_{6} H_{5} O H

(e) Which is stronger base in each of the following pairs?

{O H}^{-}, {C l}^{-}; {O H}^{-}, {N H}_{2}^{-}; {O H}^{-}, {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}; {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}, {C l}^{-}; {N H}_{3}, {C H}_{3} {N H}_{2}

(f) Classify the following into acids and bases according to Lewis concept:

S^{2 -}, H^{+}, {O H}^{-}, B F_{3}, {N i}^{2 +}, N F_{3}, A l {C l}_{3}, S n {C l}_{4}, {N H}_{3}, {({C H}_{3})}_{2} O

Q. In which of the following reaction enthalpy of neutralization is least negative?

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