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Question

Inflammation is an important response of the immune system. The vasodilation of blood vessels allows important cells of the innate immune system to move out of the blood capillaries into the surrounding tissue. Which of the following members of the innate immune system is responsible for causing inflammation at the site of infection?

A
Natural Killer Cells
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B
Mast cells
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C
Macrophages
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D
Dendritic cells
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Solution

The correct option is B Mast cells

Mast cells play an important role in how the immune system responds to certain bacteria and parasites. They also help to control other types of immune responses. They contain chemicals such as histamine, heparin, cytokines, and growth factors. They release these chemicals during allergic reactions and certain immune responses. These chemicals have many effects, including the widening of blood vessels and angiogenesis.

Natural killer cells play an important role in the immune response by producing γ – interferons. This chemical is an important component of the immune system which is involved in the differentiation of Helper T–cells.

Monocytes get differentiated into macrophages when they leave the circulation and enter any of the specialized tissues. They are responsible for the detection, phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria and other harmful organisms. Monocytes have a large and smooth nucleus.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T-cells of the immune system.


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