Question

_________ is the scientific method of increasing the nutritional value of a crop whereas ________ is a branch of biotechnology that involves the use of living organisms to remove contaminants and harmful substances from the environment.

• A. Biofortification, bioremediation
  
• B. Bioremediation, biofortification
  
• C. Biofortification, bioprocessing
  
• D. Bioprocessing, bioremediation
  

Answer 1

The correct option is A Biofortification, bioremediation


Biotechnology is a field of science that integrates the use of biochemistry, microbiology, cell biology and engineering sciences to achieve technological applications that improve the life of mankind.

This branch of science finds its application in multiple fields such as agriculture, medicines, bioremediation, biofortification, etc.

Biofortification is a branch of biotechnology that utilises genetic engineering to increase the nutritional value of food crops. For example, Golden rice is a biofortified crop that has been genetically modified to carry the gene for beta carotene, a precursor for Vitamin A synthesis. Thus Golden rice, unlike other varieties of Basmati rice, is a rich source of Vitamin A

Bioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that involves the use of living organisms, such as microbes and fungi, to remove contaminants from the environment.

Using genetic engineering techniques, scientists are trying to create microbes with higher metabolic activities. Such microbes will be able to digest contaminants/pollutants more efficiently. These measures for cleaning the environment do not involve high cost and are also eco-friendly.

The process of obtaining products from a living source, like a genetically engineered organism (microbial, plant or human cells) is known as bioprocessing.