It has been observed that gaseous hydrogen chloride is a very poor conductor of electricity but a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water is a good conductor of electricity. This is due to the fact that:

water is good conductor of electricity

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hydrogen chloride gas dissociates in water

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a gas is an electrolnic conductor but a liquid is always an electrolytic conductor

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a gas does not obey Ohm's law whereas a solution does

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Solution

The correct option is B hydrogen chloride gas dissociates in water
Hydrogen chloride gas dissociates in water and produces free ions. These free ions so formed act as charge carriers, thereby making the solution a good conductor of electricity.

However, in the case of hydrogen chloride gas, there are no free ions and hence, there are no charge carriers that would help in the conduction of electricity.

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Similar questions

Q. It has been observed that gaseous hydrogen chloride is a very poor conductor of electricity but a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water is a good conductor of electricity. This is due to the fact that

Q. Give reasons for the following.
(a) Operating electrical appliances with wet hands is very dangerous.
(b) Sodium chloride solution is a good conductor of electricity.
(c) Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity.

Q. Which of the following indicates that the bonding in hydrogen chloride is covalent?

(i) An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride form hydrogen with metals.
(ii) Hydrogen chloride is a gas.
(iii) Hydrogen chloride is not acidic in the absence of water.
(iv) Dry hydrogen chloride is a non-conductor of electricity.

Q. Explain why? [5 MARKS]
(a) Anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aq. HCl is an excellent conductor of electricity.
(b) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(c) When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, there are fumes in the air.

Explain why :

(a) anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aqueous HCl is an excellent conductor.
(b) when the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(c) a solution of hydrogen chloride in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while a solution of the same gas in toluene :
(i) has no effect on litmus, and
(ii) does not conduct electricity.
(d) thick white fumes are formed when a glass rod dipped in $N H_{4} O H$ is brought near the mouth of a bottle full of HCl gas.
(e) dry hydrogen chloride gas does not affect a dry strip of blue litmus paper but it turns red in the presence of a drop of water.

(f) hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over water.

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