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Question

⎡⎢ ⎢⎣CH3CH2CH2−CH3+|N|−CH3CH2CH3⎤⎥ ⎥⎦OH−Heat−−−→
Consider the reaction Which of the following is formed in major amount?

A
CH2=CH2
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B
CH3CH2=CH2
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C
Both (1) and (2) in equal amount
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D
None, as no reaction takes place
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Solution

The correct option is A CH2=CH2
⎢ ⎢CH3CH2CH2CH3+|N|CH3CH2CH3⎥ ⎥OHHeat−−CH3CH2CH2CH3|N|HCH3+CH2=CH2
The given reaction is Hofmann elimination process where a quaternary amine is heated to create a tertiary amine and an alkene.
With the given quaternary ammonium hydroxyl anion, the major alkene product is the least substituted. Thus the major alkene formed is ethene.

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