Question

List the cell organelles found exclusively in plant cells and in animal cells and write their importance.

Answer 1

Cell organelles:

1. Cell organelles are the specialized structures present in the cells.
2. Each cell organelle performs specific functions to keep the cell functional.

Cell organelles found exclusively in plant cells:

1. Plastids:
   1. Plastids are the cell organelles that are found only in plant cells. On the basis of colour pigment, they are classified into 3 categories :
      1. Leucoplasts: They are colourless in nature and are involved in the storage of starch, proteins and lipids.
      2. Chromoplasts: They are primarily red or orange in colour and are present in plant parts like the flower and fruits.
      3. Chloroplasts: They are green in colour and are responsible for trapping solar energy and carrying out the process of photosynthesis.
2. Central Vacuole:
   1. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs bound by a membrane called tonoplast. In plant cells, there is presence of a large and central vacuole.
   2. The vacuole is filled with fluid called cell sap. Vacuole provides turgidity and rigidity to the cell and also helps to maintain osmotic pressure of the cell.
3. Cell Wall:
   1. Cell walls are exclusive to plant cells, fungi and a few bacteria. They are the outermost covering of plant cells which separate the interior contents of the cells from the external environment.
   2. They are rigid structures primarily made up of cellulose and they provide protection, shape and structure to the plant cells.