Question

List the various markers that are used in DNA fingerprinting.

Answer 1

Markers in DNA fingerprinting:

Markers in DNA fingerprinting are DNA sequences that can be used for the identification of an individual's DNA. These markers will show DNA polymorphism and repetitive sequences.

Various DNA markers that are used in DNA fingerprinting are as follows:

● Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTR)

● Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs)

VNTR:

Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) are also called minisatellites. They are surrounded by conserved restriction sites. The small stretch of DNA sequences are tandemly repeated. The number of copies of these repeats varies with individuals.They show high degree of polymorphism, so their size ranges from 0.1 to 20 kb.

SNPs:

SNP is formed when any alteration or mutation occurs in a single nucleotide (A, T, C, or G). The point mutation like substitutions, insertions or deletions in a single nucleotide represents SNP.