Question

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists

	List I (Disease)		List II (Causes)
A	Diabetes	1	Decrease in the diameter of small arteries
B	High blood pressure	2	Improper functioning of the pancreas
C	Goitre	3	Deficiency of vitamin A
D	Night blindness	4	Iodine deficiency

• A. A- 2, B- 1, C- 4, D- 3
• B. A- 4, B- 1, C- 3, D- 2
• C. A- 2, B- 4, C- 1, D- 3
• D. A- 3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 1

Answer 1

The correct option is A A- 2, B- 1, C- 4, D- 3

Diabetes is caused by the less or no secretion of insulin by the pancreas and sugar builds up in the blood, overflows into the urine and then passes from the body unused. Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels. One of the most important factors influencing blood flow is the size or radius of the blood vessel the blood is passing through. When an artery constricts (vasoconstriction), the artery gets smaller and offers increased resistance. Hence the blood pressure increases. Severe iodine deficiency results in impaired thyroid hormone synthesis leading to thyroid enlargement (goiter). Night blindness is the difficulty for the eyes to adjust to dim light. Rhodopsin is the eye pigment responsible for sensing low light situations. A diet low in vitamin A will lead to a decreased amount of rhodopsin in the eye. Hence night blindness results.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.