Question

Match the following hormones with their respective functions: Hormone Function

A. Vasopressin	I. Excretion of $K^{+}$ ions and absorption of ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ ions in DCT and CCT
B. Aldosterone	II. Converts Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I
C. Atrial Natriuretic Factor	III. Receptors are present in DCT, CCT and MCT to absorb water
D. Renin	IV. Decreases blood volume by decreasing ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$reabsorption in DCT and CCT

• A. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
• C. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• D. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

Answer 1

The correct option is A A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

The following are the enzymes involved in the regulation of kidney function.

The vasopressin or ADH receptors are present in DCT (Distal Convoluted Tubule), CCT (Cortical Collecting Tubule) and MCT (Medullary Collecting Tubule). Its most important role is to conserve the fluid volume of our body by reducing the amount of water passed out in the urine. It helps in the reabsorption of water from the tubule thereby preventing the condition called as diuresis.
Higher concentrations of antidiuretic hormones (ADH) cause blood vessels to constrict (the blood vessels become narrower) thereby increasing the blood pressure and the glomerular filteration rate.

Aldosterone is generally released when a fall in the glomerular filteration rate (GFR) is observed. It causes the secretion of $K^{+}$ ions and reabsorption of ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ and water from the DCT and the CCT. This leads to an increase in blood pressure and glomerular filteration rate.

Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II, being a powerful vasoconstrictor, increases the glomerular blood pressure and thereby GFR. Angiotensin II also activates the adrenal cortex to release Aldosterone.

Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) is synthesized when there is an increased blood volume and pressure. ANF, being a vasodilator, dilates the blood vessels and decreases blood pressure by decreasing ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ reabsorption in DCT and CCT.