Mendel observed visible contrasting forms of a character. Each variant of a character is called ____________.
Each variant of an inheritable character is called a trait for that character. The genetic material in most organisms is DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid, the segments of the DNA are known as genes. The limitations of technology in the Mendelian era could not elaborate the structure of the DNA and genes. Mendel called the inheritable units as factors.
The advancement of technology and microscopy eventually paved way for the explanation that the characters expressed in the offspring are inherited from the parents. The difference in the expression of these genes can lead to different traits.
Inheritance refers to the pattern in which the genes are transferred from one generation to another.
Sum total of an organisms DNA is referred to as the genome of the organism. It includes genes that code for proteins, regulatory molecules as well as mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA (in the case of plants).