Metals can be prevented from rusting by:

connecting iron to more electropositive metal cathodic protection

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connecting iron to more electropositive metal anodic protection

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connecting iron to less electropositive metal anodic protection

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connecting iron to less electropositive metal cathodic protection

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Solution

The correct option is A connecting iron to more electropositive metal cathodic protection
Connecting the steel pipe to a more active metal like magnesium makes an iron-magnesium voltaic cell which oxidizes the magnesium in preference to the iron. Replacing the magnesium rod is easier than digging up the pipe.

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Most of the metals are electropositive, due to which they can easily form:

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