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Question

Normally no catalyst is required in the electrophilic addition reaction of alkenes, But benzene requires a catalyst. Explain.

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Solution

In benzene the there 6 π electrons which are delocalized over the entire ring of the benzene.
While in alkene the π electrons are delocalized over only two carbon atoms. Thus, benzene has a lower charge density than alkene.
So no electrophilic addition reaction can take place between benzene and bromine.
Thus benzene requires a catalyst for the electrophilic addition reaction.

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