Question

Note the following.

(A) Skin, (B) Phagocytes, (C) B-cells, (D) Inflammation, (E) Antibodies, (F) T-cells, (G) Fever, (H) Complementary proteins, (I) NK-cells, (J) Secretions.

Identify the factors involved in second line of defence.

• A. (B), (D), (G), (H), and (I)
• B. (B), (C), (E) and (I)
• C. (D), (F), (H) and (J)
• D. (C), (E), (G) and (H)

Answer 1

The correct option is A (B), (D), (G), (H), and (I)

The second line of defense is the non-specific responses. They are generalized responses to pathogen infection, they do not target a specific cell type. The non-specific response consists of some WBCs and plasma proteins and the following factors:

1. Phagocytes are cells that eat foreign material to destroy them and it includes neutrophils and eosinophils.
2. Macrophages are non-phagocytic leucocytes, like basophils and mast cells.
3. Complement proteins is a plasma protein that is directly activated by the antigen.

4. Inflammation is the immune response shown during an infection. It is generally shown by WBC.

5. Fever is an immune response that includes the increase in the temperature of the body to kill pyrogens.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.