Question

One of the by-products formed during the recovery of ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ from Solvay process is

• A. ${\mathrm{NaHCO}}_3$
• B. $\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2$
• C. ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$
• D. ${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}$

Answer 1

The correct option is C

${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$

Explanation for correct answer:-

Option (C) ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$

• In the Solvey's process, the ammonia which is required can be prepared by heating the Ammonium chloride(${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}$) with Calcium hydroxide($\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2$)
• This process is sometimes also called as Ammonia $\left({\mathrm{NH}}_3\right)$ recovery.
• One of the by-products formed in this reaction is Calcium chloride(${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$) along with Ammonia and water.
• The complete reaction is:

$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{chloride}}{{\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}$

• Hence it is the correct option.

Explanation for incorrect answer:-

Option (A) ${\mathrm{NaHCO}}_3$

• Sodium bicarbonate(${\mathrm{NaHCO}}_3$) is not one of the by-products formed in this process.
• It is Calcium chloirde, Ammonia, and water that are the by-products.

$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{chloride}}{{\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}$

• Hence it is the incorrect option

Option (B) $\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2$

• Calcium hydroxide ($\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2$) is one of the reactants that is used to produce ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$as one of the by-products.

$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{chloride}}{{\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}$

• Hence it is the incorrect option

Option (D) ${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}$

• Ammonium chloride(${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}$) is one of the reactants that is used to produce ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$as one of the by-products.

$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Calcium}\mathrm{chloride}}{{\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}$

• Hence it is the incorrect option

Therefore, One of the by-products formed during the recovery of ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ from Solvay process is option (C) ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2$