The correct option is A One litre of pond water closed with a cork having gas exchange tube
Micro-ecosystems can exist in locations which are precisely defined by critical environmental factors within small or tiny spaces. Such factors may include temperature, pH, chemical environment, nutrient supply, presence of symbionts or solid substrates, gaseous atmosphere (aerobic or anaerobic) etc.
One litre of pond water closed with a cork having gas exchange tube can be a micro-ecosystem as it fulfill all the requisites of definition.
So, the correct answer is "option D"