Question

Out of the following statements regarding MTPs, choose the correct options given below:
(i) It is generally advised within the first trimester.
(ii) It is used as a contraceptive method
(iii) It is always performed by taking a single dose of mifepristone.
(iv) It requires the assistance of qualified medical personnel.

• A. (ii) and (iii)
• B. (ii) and (iv)
• C. (i) and (iv)
• D. (i) and (ii)

Answer 1

The correct option is C (i) and (iv)

Under the Indian penal code, voluntarily terminating a pregnancy is a criminal offence, but under certain conditions and circumstances, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act,1971 allows abortion. This subject of medically terminating pregnancy/abortion is a controversial topic in regards to religion, laws, politics, etc. So, a balanced approach should be made.

Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) or induced abortion is an intentional or voluntary approach to the termination of pregnancy before full term. The MTP Act regulates the conditions under which pregnancy can be aborted. The surgical abortion is done early in the pregnancy, mostly advised during the first trimester or 12 weeks, which is considered safe during this time. After that, the developing foetus gets more intimately associated with the maternal tissues and in the second trimester, this surgery becomes unsafe and could be fatal too. This termination of pregnancies needs to be done/assisted by highly qualified medical practitioners.

It is not a method of contraception, but sometimes it is considered as an alternative to contraceptives; which is an illegal approach.

If a woman wants an abortion in the later stage of pregnancy then she has to go through medical surgery. But termination of pregnancy in the early stages of pregnancy by medicines is a safe method. If the MTP has to be done by the non-surgical process then pills named mifepristone (Mifeprex) are prescribed which induces uterine bleeding and cramping causing the expulsion of the foetus from the uterus.