The spinal cord is the part of the central neural system that extends from the brain. The spinal cord and its associated spinal nerves contain neural circuits that control some of our most rapid reactions to environmental changes. It is protected by the vertebral column, the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid.
The spinal cord has two principal functions in maintaining homeostasis: nerve impulse propagation through white matter tracts and integration of information through the grey matter of the spinal cord. It receives and integrates incoming and outgoing information.