Question

describe the process of transcription

Answer 1

• Transcription is a process through which a segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the action of enzyme RNA polymerase.
• The process is somewhat similar as DNA replication where one of the strands acts as DNA template.
• The synthesis of RNA also occurs in 5’ – 3’ direction.
• At first unwinding of DNA takes place to expose the bases of 3’ – 5’ DNA template by the action of RNA polymerase enzyme.
• A region called promoter region is the point from where the RNA synthesis takes place.
• Nucleotides with bases U,C,A and G are involved in the process.
• The sequences of nucleotides in the newly prepared RNA strand will be determined by the presence of nucleotide sequences in the template DNA (complementary – A in DNA determines U in RNA).
• Several RNA molecules can be created from a single DNA strand according to the need.
• In eukaryotes there are different RNA polymerases to synthesis different types of RNA like rRNA, tRNA, mRNA etc.