distinguish tst of formic acid and formalldehyde

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Solution

Carboxylic acid can be distinguish form other funtional group on the basis of sodium bicarbonate test.
If NaHCO₃ is added to the aqueous solution of HCHO and HCOOH separately, Brisk effervescence of CO₂ is observed from HCOOH solution but not from HCHO solution.
HCOOH + NaHCO₃â†’ HCOONa + CO₂ + H₂O
Moreover,
HCOOH being an acid is capable of turning blue litmus to red, whereas no such change is observed in formaldehyde.

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